Biology Notes Unit 1

Carbohydrates * Carbohydrates argon made up of hydrogen, oxygen and carbon. * Carbohydrates raft be categorised into three groups: monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides. * Monosaccharides ar commonly referred to as sugars and argon small hints * Polysaccharides however act as energy breeds, amylum and glycogen, and structural components, cellulose and chitin. * The formation of bonds between 2 monosaccharides is called condensation and the breakages of these bonds are called hydrolysis. Monosaccharide- these are the most basic forms of carbohydrates. These can be prey away into two categories. * Pentose- Have five carbon atoms per molecule such(prenominal)(prenominal) as ribose and fructose. * Hexose- Have six carbon atoms per molecule such as alpha and of import glucoses. Disaccharide- A disaccharide is the carbohydrate acquire when two monosaccharides undergo a condensation reaction. Some examples let in * Sucrose -> glucose + fructose * Maltose -> glucose + glucose * Lactose -> galactose + glucose Polysaccharide- Polysaccharides are polymeric carbohydrate structures, formed of repeating units of any monosaccharides or disaccharides conjugated together by glycosidic bonds. stiffen * A polymer of alpha glucose. * It is use as food store for plants. * Starch is an strategic storage molecule since it is compact, indissoluble in water, unbiassed to chemic reactions and is good hydrolysed when required. Glycogen * A polymer of alpha glucose. * It is use as an energy store in animals. * Glycogen is an important storage molecule since it is compact, insoluble in water, inert to chemical reactions and is easily hydrolysed when required. Cellulose * A polymer of beta glucose. * It is the constituent of cell walls and can be hydrolysed by ruminant animals by the action of cellulose enzymes. * inde ed it is not branched provided arranged in ! a intercellular substance which is bounded by hydrogen...If you want to get a wide essay, order it on our website: BestEssayCheap.com

If you want to get a full essay, visit our page: cheap essay